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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. F. L. MGGAHAN.

ELECTRICAL GENERATOR. No. 439,974. Patented Nov. 4, 1890.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. L. MGGAHAN.

ELECTRICAL GENERATOR. No. 439,974. Patented Nov. 4, 1890.

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(No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. F. L. MOGAHAN. ELECTRICAL GENERATOR. No. 439,974. Patented Nov. 4, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK L. MCGAHAN, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

ELECTRICAL G EN ERATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 439,974, dated November 4, 1890.

Application filed September 8, 1890- Serial No. 364,269. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK L. MCGA- HAN, of Indianapolis, county of Marion, and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Generators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters refer to like parts.

My invention relates to improvements in electrical generators, and will be understood from the following description.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side view, the axle in section and the pulley removed. Fig. 2 is a top view. Fig. 8 is a section 011 the line a; Fig. 1. Fig. 4B is a detail view of the adjusting mechanism for tightening the belt. Fig. 5 is a detail view of one of the housings. Fig. 6 is a detail view of one of the bobbin-frames. Fig.7 is a section through one of the bobbins. Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the commutator on the line y y, Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section through the commutator. Fig. 10 shows a modified way of securing the hub to the axle. Figs. 5 to 9 are on an enlarged scale.

In detail 1 are the shields, and 2 are the field magnets resting upon blocks 3, the whole supported by a base i, to which is also connected the supports 8, in which the axle 9 is journaled, 10 being the upper boxings thereof. This axle is hollow, each end being closed by a plug 11. On the outer end of this axle is mounted the usual driving-pulley 60. The boxings are provided with oilcups and oil receptacles beneath, forinli pg 1e armature is mounted rigidly upon the axle 9, and consists of a hub 20,havinga shouldered offset 56, through which set-screws 57 are driven to secure it to the axle 9. Beyond this shoulder the axle is enlarged, as shown at 18, furnishing a body for the commutator 10.

14 is the brush-frame, one side of which is loosely mounted upon the axle and the other on the ribbed collar 13. This frame is formed Their ends are screwed into the hub so as to tap the longitudinal opening in the axle, and the upper ends of the spokes are screwed into hollow brackets 23, one of which is attached at each end of the housing 24. The shape of this housing is shown in Fig. 5, and it is provided with openings 41 on the sides and 42 on the bottom and a larger opening at the top. In this latter opening the ends of adjacent bobbins are set, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and a bolt 27 passes lengthwise through the housing and brackets and holds the parts together. Below the bobbins are semicircular plates 25, the ends of adjacent plates being bolted directly through and to the housing 24:.

The wire is wrapped upon the bobbinframes in three separate coils, crossing each other at angles, thus providing room for a sufficient amount of wire to carry the current required, and at the same time giving the bobbin a neat and compact form and al lowing easy access for the air to reach and pass through all parts of the machine, for when the machine is in motion this open and free construction collects with greater ease the electric force thereby generated, and the air circulating freely about prevents the heating of the parts and allows the discharge of the current with little friction. At the same time all parts of the mechanism are thus rendered easy of access, and as a continuous wire is used the overlapping of the coils upon the bobbin is made without difficulty, and in case the wire breaks it may be readily spliced and soldered at either end.

The wires from the bobbin may be carried down to a connection with the commutator in either of the following ways: It will be observed that two bobbins are arranged between each pair of spokes, as shown in Fig. 1; but it must be understood that these spokes are set on each side of the armature, as shown in Fig. 2. Considering these bobbins as in pairs, then the wires fromthe left-hand bobbin in one pair will be connected into a cable with the wire from the right-hand bobbin in the next pair, and this cable will pass down the central spoke between the pairs of bobbins to the commutator. On the other hand, inasmuch as there are spokes on each side of the armature, the wire from a single bobbin may pass down each spoke, and there will be enough spokes to accommodate each bobbin, and these wires will then be collected and twisted into a central cable, which passes through the longitudinal opening in the axle in the manner shown in Fig. 3.

In Fig. l the wires from two bobbins are shown as connected to pass down into a common spoke; but the latter method-that of passing the wire from 'one bobbin down each spokeis perhaps preferable, thus isolating each bobbin from the other and preventing any travel of the current about the several bobbins of the armature, for when these are connected there is such a tendency, and it interferes with the working of the machine and tends to reduce the current from the field-magnets.

The commutator is formed of copper segments 17 and mica plates 16, the wire 31 from the bobbin being clamped between the copper plates, its end resting in a recess 44, formed in the mica plate, and beyond all the bobbin-wires are collected into a cable 61 for entering the hollow opening in the axle, as shown in Fig. 9.

The outlet-wires shown in Fig. 2 lead directly from one of the brushes through the switch to the motor or othermechanism to be operated. The Wires from the field-magnets lead down through the blocks 3 and beneath the base 4, as shown in the dotted lines in Fig. 2, and are connected directly to the brush on the opposite side of the commutator, as shown in Fig. 1. The base 4 is provided with feet which are grooved and move upon plates 28, having corresponding projections or tongues which are bolted to the lower plate 5. By means of a screw 7, working in a lug 6, the plate 4 may be moved upon the plate 5 in' either direction, and thereby means is provided for tightening the belt which operates the driving-pulley.

Power being applied to the driving-pulley 60, which is mounted on the end of the shaft 9, the armature revolves in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1, exciting the field-magnets, and the current flows from them through the inlet-wires into the brush at the bindingpost 53, and at the same time a current is induced in the wires of the bobbins, and these discharge through the cable into the commutator, and the current passes out through the outlet-wires, as shown in Fig. 2, to the switch. At 12, I show drip-cocks to drain the oil from the bearings. (See Fig. 3.)

In Fig. 10, I show how by tapping the spokes through the hub into the axle the two will be secured together, and the set-screws 57 may be entirely dispensed with.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following:

1. In an electrical generator, an armature composed of a hub mountedon ahollow axle, hollow spokes connected to suchhub and tapping the opening in such axle, brackets connected to the outer ends of such spokes, housings between the brackets, secured together by a bolt, and a series of bobbins arranged in pairs between such spokes, composed of a frame with triple coils of wire wound thereon, overlapping each other at angles, substantially as shown and described.

2. In an electric generator, an armature composed of a hub mounted on a hollow axle, hollow spokes connected to such hub and tapping the hollow of such axle, bobbins set in pairs between the spokes and secured thereto by perforated plates, the bobbins composed of three superimposed layers of wire wound at angles to each other, the end of each wire passing down the hollow spoke, such wires united into a cable leading to the commutator, in combination with a commutator mounted on the main axle, brushes connected thereto with suitable inlet and outlet wires, and a pair of field-magnets located adjacent to the armature and on either side thereof, substantially as shown and described.

3. An electric generator comprising an armature composed of a hub mounted on ahollow axle, hollow spokes screwed into the hub, tapping the hollow of the axle, the upper end of such spokes connected to brackets, housings held between such brackets by a bolt, a pair of bobbins mounted in such housings end to end, a pair of suchbobbins being located between each pair of spokes, and the wire of the left-hand bobbin of one pair and that of the right-hand bobbin of the adjacent pair united in a cable passing down the spoke between such pair of bobbins and through the hollow axle into the commutator, substan tially as shown and described.

4. An electrical generator comprising an armature whose ring is composed of pairs of bobbins set adjacent to each other between hollow spokes connected to the hub and passing through such hub into the hollow of the axle on which the hub is mounted, wires leadin g from each bobbin through the hollow spokes to the-commutator, a commutator and a brush-frame with brushes mounted on the main axle of the machine, field-magnets disposed on each side thereof with wires leading to the brush upon one side, outlet-wires leading from the brush on the opposite side to the mechanism to be operated, and a supporting frame-work, all combined substantially as shown and described.

5. In an electrical generator, anarmature composed of a hub mounted on a hollow axle rigidly secured thereto by hollow spokes passing through the hub into the axle, bobbins supported on the outer end of such spokes in housings secured thereto by brackets and bolts, as shown, wiresfrom such bobbins lead ing down the hollow spokes into the axle and thence to the commutator, in combination with a commutator, brush-frameswithbru shes .carried on an enlargement of the axle, a

frame supporting the entire mechanism and having a ribbed projection supporting the brush-frame, and field-magnets disposed upon either side of the armature with suitable inlet and outlet wires, all combined substantially as shown and described.

6. An armature whose ring is composed of bobbins set in pairs between the spokes, such spokes formed of pipe screwed into the hub and tapping a longitudinal chamber formed in the axle, the wires of thebobbins led down through the spokes into the hollow axle, substantially as shown and described.

7. An armature wherein the hub is mounted on a hollow axle and secured thereto by spokes tapped through the hub into the axle, substantially as shown and described.

8. In an armature, a hollow axle supported in bearings on standards, a hub mounted 

